TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU BEKERJA DI KABUPATEN KLATEN The Rate of Exclusive Breastfeeding Success on Working Mothers in Klaten Regency

Pekerjaan sering menjadi alasan ibu untuk tidak sempat memberikan ASI secara eksklusif selama 6 bulan kepada bayinya. Alasan ini dilatar belakangi oleh kurangnya waktu yang cukup untuk menyusui atau memerah ASI. Hal tersebut juga dialami oleh ibu menyusui di wilayah Klaten yang telah memiliki perda tentang ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar persentase ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja di kabupaten Klaten. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kategorik yang melibatkan 117 responden. Data primer diambil dari klinik bidan Ni’ma dan Warsiti, posyandu Belang Wetan, dan beberapa TK di Klaten, yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Sebanyak 63 ibu (54%) yang bekerja berhasil memberikan ASI Eksklusif kepada anaknya, sedangkan yang tidak berhasil sebanyak 54 ibu (46%). Tingkat keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif pada kelompok usia 17-25 tahun sebanyak 14 subyek (11,97%), pada usia 26-35 tahun sebanyak 44 (37,61%) dan pada usia 36-45 sebanyak 5 (4,27%). Latar belakang pendidikan ibu bekerja yang berhasil adalah D4/ S1 sebanyak 21 subyek (17,95%). Golongan pekerjaan yang berhasil dalam memberikan ASI Eksklusif adalah Guru (54,5%), Wiraswasta (75%), PNS (80%), Karyawan BUMN (66,7%), serta Tenaga Kesehatan (90,9%). Persentase keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif pada ibu yang bekerja selama ≤ 8 jam sebesar 57,1%, sedangkan ibu yang bekerja > 8 jam sebesar 36,8%. Semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan ibu, maka semakin tinggi tingkat keberhasilan ASI eksklusif. Semakin lama ibu bekerja, semakin rendah tingkat keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif.


Abstract
Work is often the reason for mothers not to have the opportunity to give exclusively breastfeeding for 6 months to their babies. This reason is motivated by the lack of sufficient time to breastfeed or express milk. This is also experienced by breastfeeding mothers in the Klaten region who already have regulations on exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to determine the large percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers in Klaten district. This study uses a categorical descriptive method involving 117 respondents. Primary data were collected from the midwife clinics of Ni'ma and Warsiti, the Belang Wetan posyandu, and several TKs in Klaten, which were included in the inclusion criteria. A total of 63 mothers (54%) who worked successfully gave exclusive breastfeeding to their children, while unsuccessful were 54 mothers (46%). The success rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the age group of 17-25 years was 14 subjects (11.97%), at the age of 26-35 years was 44 (37.61%) and at the age of 36-45 was 5 (4.27%). Educational background of successful working mothers is D4 / S1 of 21 subjects (17.95%). The occupational groups that succeeded in providing exclusive breastfeeding were Teachers (54.5%), Entrepreneurs (75%), Civil Servants (80%), BUMN Employees (66.7%), and Health Workers (90.9%). The percentage of success of exclusive breastfeeding for mothers who worked for ≤ 8 hours amounted to 57.1%, while mothers who worked> 8 hours amounted to 36.8%. The higher the level of mother's education, the higher the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding. The longer the mother works, the lower the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding. work temporary or want to pregnant, bear a baby, and care the baby. This is a challenge for mothers, because the child will depends to mother and mother who want to back to work after maternity leave for a long time makes the process of working in a professional environment more difficult. 2

METHOD
This study used descriptive categorical method implemented in 2018. Primary data was taken using questionnaires from clinics midwife Ni'ma and Warsiti, posyandu Belang Wetan, some kindergartens in Klaten, and researchers went directly to the mother's house included in the criteria of inclusion. The sample was chosen by simple random sampling. Respondents in this study amounted to 117 people. The samples subject to the study should meet the inclusion criteria of breastfeeding mothers who worked at least 6 hours a day and have children aged 6-24 months. While the exclusion criteria was the mother didn't live in Klaten regency or mother was suffering from illness so it is not allowed to breastfeed.

Picture 1. Percentage of Exclusive
Breastfeeding Success to Working Mothers in

Klaten Regency
Working mother who succeeded in giving exclusive breast milk to her child as much as 63 mothers (54%), while that did not succeed as many as 54 mothers (46%).  (64%), D4 / S1 as many as 21 people (61.8%), and S2 as many as 2 people (100%).   In this study, the majority of maternal education who successfully breastfeed exclusive breastfeeding is from higher education D3, D4 / S1, and S2, while secondary education is not working. The highest percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in the highest working mother was the mothers who received D4 / S1 education as many as 21 subjects (61.8%).  10,11 or practice for exclusive breastfeeding. 10 This can be due to factors of knowledge, experience, awareness, and attitudes / behavior of mothers to exclusive breastfeeding in each region may vary.
In this research, the results of the success of mother give Exclusive breastfeeding to mother who work for ≤ 8 hour equal to 57,16%, while mother work for> 8 hours equal to 36,8%. Thus, the longer the mother works, the lower the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding. This is because the length of working mother can cause fatigue and stress so that it can affect the condition both physical and psychological mother.
In a study conducted in Saudi Arabia, most mothers (72%) stated that job stress affected breastmilk 12 expenditure. In addition, resting mothers may also affect the formation and release of breastmilk by the hormone oxytocin. 13 So in this case it is necessary for the mother to be smart to manage time about work and to share time with children and family.

CONCLUSION
Exclusive breastfeeding success rate at mother work in Klaten regency counted 63 mothers (54%) from 117 respondents. Most working mothers are aware of the importance of Exclusive Breast Milk, but the practice is still low.